China: Easing cycle officially starts

PBoC  surprised  markets  and  us  by  announcing a 50bp reserve ratio cut, effective  from  5  December.  Today’s reserve ratio cut marks the official start of China’s monetary easing, in response to the noticeable slowdown of both  the  latest inflation and growth data. More reserve ratio cuts should follow  in  the  coming  months, but the PBoC will likely keep the interest rate  unchanged  until inflation slows to below 3%. This, plus tax cuts and fiscal  spending  should  help  stabilize China’s GDP growth to around 8.5% next year.

Facts

After  the  close  of  Mainland  markets  today,  the PBoC announced a 50bp reserve  ratio cut across all banks, effective from 5 December. This is the first  reserve  ratio  cut  since twelve consecutive reserve ratio hikes in most  recent  tightening  cycle, and takes the reserve ratio to 21% for all big banks and 19% for smaller banks. Today’s move will inject approximately RMB400bn of liquidity into China’s banking system.

Implications

The  latest  data prints suggest that both inflation and growth are slowing at  a  noticeable pace. The final HSBC PMI and official PMI (to be released on  1 December) are likely to show further signs of cooling. The flash HSBC PMI  dipped  to  48  in  November,  its lowest level since March 2009. This suggests  that  GDP  growth  may fall below 8.5% in the coming quarters, in response  to  the  lagged  impact of credit and ongoing property tightening measures,  as  well  as  external headwinds.  Meanwhile, inflation is also easing  at  a faster than expected rate. November’s HSBC flash PMI saw both its  input  and output price sub-indices fall by around 10ppts to 43.2 and 44.8, respectively, marking the first below 50 reading since mid-2010. All these call for more aggressive easing.

At  the same time, the PBoC is getting ready to inject liquid to offset the possible capital outflows caused by the smaller amount of PBoC bills due to mature in its open market operations over the course of the next month. The PBoC’s  forex  purchase  position  fell by the RMB25bn last month in tandem with  the  European  debt  crisis  and  renewed expectations  of  renminbi depreciation.

Today’s  move marks the official start of an across-the-board easing policy stance  for  the PBoC. We expect more quantitative loosening to come in the coming  quarters  in the form of additional reserve ratio cuts and a larger new  loan  quota.  But  the PBoC will likely keep the policy rate unchanged until  inflation  slows  to  below 3%. Monetary easing, tax cuts and fiscal spending  should  all  help  to stabilize China’s GDP growth to around 8.5% next year.

Bottom  line: Today’s  surprise  reserve  ratio  cut marks the start of an across-board  easing  policy  for China. This, plus tax cuts and additional fiscal spending should help keep China on track for a soft-landing.

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http://www.easyforexnews.net/wp-content/uploads/2011/12/315140.pdf

 

HSBC Global Research